Obesity can lead to a wide range of health problems and adverse effects, which are categorized and described in detail below:
Metabolic Disorders:
Hyperlipidemia: obese patients often have disorders of fat metabolism, leading to problems such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.
Diabetes mellitus: long-term obesity can lead to insensitivity of muscle and fat to insulin, which in turn causes pancreatic islet cell failure, eventually leading to diabetes mellitus.
Cardiovascular disease:
Coronary heart disease: obesity is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, and obese people are more likely to have cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes.
Hypertension: one of the most common complications of obesity, hypertension is an important factor in cardiovascular disease.
Respiratory diseases:
Sleep apnea syndrome: obese people are prone to snoring, edema and even breathing difficulties due to the accumulation of a large amount of fat, and sleep apnea syndrome occurs in severe cases.
Liver disease:
Fatty liver: obesity increases the chance of developing fatty liver, and fatty liver may complicate diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and other diseases.
Skeletal Muscle Diseases:
Bone and joint disease: obesity puts extra burden on bones and joints, which easily leads to arthritis, muscle strain, joint deformation and other problems.
Sexual Function Problems:
Male obese may suffer from low libido, impotence and premature ejaculation, while female obese may suffer from menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, infertility and other problems.
Psychological problems:
Obesity may lead to psychological effects such as social isolation, low self-esteem, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep disorders.
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Socioeconomic effects:
Obese patients are often accompanied by a variety of metabolic disorders, leading to increased healthcare needs and costs, increasing the economic burden on the state and individuals.
Obesity may affect work ability and career development, leading to decreased labor force participation.
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In summary, obesity has significant negative effects on an individual's physical health, mental health, and socioeconomics. Therefore, people with obesity problems should take scientific measures to reduce weight, including reasonable diet and appropriate exercise, to stay healthy.